J

justification the adjustment of the spacing within lines of type to fit the lines to a specific measure on the type page, e.g., left justify, right justify, center justify, full justify. see also justified type
justified type (full) lines of type where each line is set to full measure, even on both sides. see also ragged

K

K abbreviation for process black.
kern to add or subtract small units of space between characters for attractive and consistent spacing between pairs of letters see letter space
keyline A black outlined area on a layout indicating a precise area for the placement of a color or black and white artwork.
knockout An area where a layer of spot- or process color is deleted from layers of color below. This deletion may be transparent allowing the background to show through, or may be filled with the expected background color a piece of art will be placed upon. Commonly referred to as knock out to background (KOBG).

L

landscape Page or monitor orientation in which the page width exceeds the page length compare with portrait, see broadside
layout sketch of a proposed printed piece, esp. a page or spread.
leader row of spaced dots to guide the eye, e.g., contents entry to page number. Leaders should align to the right, with a predetermined space to target numeral or text.
leading A typesetting term for the distance from baseline to baseline between lines of printed text. Leading may also be used to indicate the additional space between lines of text beyond the text point size, e.g. 10/10 type with 2 points leading is 10/12 type.
legend same as caption.
letterspace to add a small (or sometimes very large) amount of space between each letter to achieve justification or as a special effect.
ligature two letters designed as one, e.g., fi fl (see GTS standard for usage rule).
line see rule
line art art composed of lines, as opposed to halftones or photographs. Line art is usually saved as a bitmap eps document with a typical resolution of 600dpi to 1200dpi.
line break end of a line of type.
line length the width of a line of type in picas or points.
line screen the resolution of a halftone, expressed in lines per inch.
line space additional space inserted between type lines; determined by leading.
logo (logotype) (trademark) unique symbolic design that may include both imagery and type.
lowercase the small letters in type, as distinguished from the capital letters.
LPI Lines per inch. Measure of resolution for halftones.

M

M abbreviation for magenta.
magenta subtractive primary color that appears blue-red, and absorbs green light; also process red. see process color
manuscript client-supplied copy from which type is set, abbreviated ms marginal column smaller column to the left or right of main text column, separated by a gutter.
margins the blank areas that border the printed type page.
master proof a set of galley or page proofs prepared for customer approval and stamped Master for identification. This is the set upon which the customer marks their corrections, compiling edits from all sources (authors, editors, etc.).
match print contact-frame produced material used for proofing four-color art, negatives and imposed flats. The colors generated by this process will most closely resemble the final printed product. This proof can be used for color guidance at press side.
measure width of type (in picas/points).
middle tones (midtones) The tonal range between highlights and shadows of a photograph or reproduction. Midtones are very important because they contain the majority of the detail in a reproduction and must remain neutral and in balance in order to match the original.
mirror The process or tool that copies a selected object and inverts it by reflecting it across an imaginary line on the screen.
Moiré In offset printing, the pattern which exists because of one screen angle overprinting another or several other screen angles. Sometimes the moire pattern becomes objectionable because the screen angles are less than 30 degrees, creating an “interference effect.” However, the yellow screen in process color is always less than 30 degree angle from other colors but since the yellow dots are virtually invisible to the eye these patterns are unseen.

N

noise Unwanted electronic or optical signals that cause interference in the reproduction of data or an image.

O

oblique altered type to resemble italic; used by GTS in families that have no designed italic font or whose italic we do not have.
orphan the first line of a paragraph which appears as the last line of a column or page.
overprint printing one spot or process color over another color. Frequently used to build traps. Also used in color printing in order to enhance a particular color, or contrast and distinguish a particular color from other similar colors. It is used when the normal process color system is unable to discern close color differences, but are required by the client.